ST05: Electric Charging Stations Management
The Electric Charging Station Management service package provides an exchange of information between the electric vehicle and charging station to manage the charging operation. The service package also supports interaction between a traveler in a vehicle and a transportation information center in order to plan a trip that will involve requesting locations and availability of charging stations as well as reserving a spot at a charging station if needed. The agency or company operating the charging station can use vehicle information such as the capability of the vehicle (e.g. operational status of the electrical system, how many amps can the vehicle handle, and % charge complete) to determine that the charge is being properly applied and determine an estimated time to complete charging.
Relevant Regions: Australia, Canada, European Union, and United States
Physical
The physical diagram can be viewed in SVG or PNG format and the current format is SVG.SVG Diagram
PNG Diagram
Includes Physical Objects:
| Physical Object | Class | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Basic Vehicle | Vehicle | 'Basic Vehicle' represents a complete operating vehicle. It includes the vehicle platform that interfaces with and hosts ITS electronics and all of the driver convenience and entertainment systems, and other non-ITS electronics on-board the vehicle. Interfaces represent both internal on-board interfaces between ITS equipment and other vehicle systems and other passive and active external interfaces or views of the vehicle that support vehicle/traffic monitoring and management. External interfaces may also represent equipment that is carried into the vehicle (e.g., a smartphone that is brought into the vehicle). Internal interfaces are often implemented through a vehicle databus, which is also included in this object. Note that 'Vehicle' represents the general functions and interfaces that are associated with personal automobiles as well as commercial vehicles, emergency vehicles, transit vehicles, and other specialized vehicles. |
| Electric Charging Management Center | Center | The 'Electric Charging Management Center' provides management services for one or more electric vehicle charging stations used to charge hybrid and all-electric vehicles. This includes public charging stations that support consumers, workplace charging stations, and fleet charging stations using plug in (level 1, 2, fast charge, etc.), or inductive charging methods. The center interfaces with traveler information providers to support payment of charging and to disseminate information about the availability and status of their chargers and to coordinate reservations by drivers for the use of a charger. The center also interfaces with the appropriate electric utility that supplies electricity for its chargers to coordinate demand on the power grid. |
| Electric Charging Station | Field | The 'Electric Charging Station' provides access to electric vehicle supply equipment that is used to charge hybrid and all-electric vehicles. This includes public charging stations that support consumers, workplace charging stations, and fleet charging stations using plug in (level 1, 2, fast charge, etc.) or inductive charging methods. |
| Electric Utility | Support | The 'Electric Utility' is the local provider of electricity through an electric power distribution network |
| Financial Center | Center | The 'Financial Center' represents the organization that handles electronic fund transfer requests to enable the transfer of funds from the user of the service to the provider of the service. The functions and activities of financial clearinghouses are covered by this physical object. |
| Light Vehicle Driver | Vehicle | The 'Light Vehicle Driver' represents the person that operates a light vehicle on the roadway. This physical object covers the interactions that are specific to light, passenger vehicles. See also the 'Driver' physical object that covers interactions that are shared by operators of light, transit, commercial, and emergency vehicles where the interactions are not particular to the type of vehicle. |
| Light Vehicle OBE | Vehicle | The 'Light Vehicle OBE' includes traveler-oriented capabilities that apply to passenger cars, trucks, and motorcycles that are used for personal travel. The rules vary by jurisdiction, but generally light vehicles are restricted in their weight and the maximum number of passengers they can carry. In ARC-IT, the Light Vehicle OBE represents vehicles that are operated as personal vehicles that are not part of a vehicle fleet and are not used commercially; thus, the choice between the various vehicle subsystems should be based more on how the vehicle is used than how much the vehicle weighs. See also the 'Vehicle' subsystem that includes the general safety and information services that apply to all types of vehicles, including light vehicles. |
| Payment Administration Center | Center | The 'Payment Administration Center' provides general payment administration capabilities and supports the electronic transfer of funds from the customer to the transportation system operator or other service provider. Charges can be recorded for tolls, vehicle-mileage charging, congestion charging, or other goods and services. It supports traveler enrollment and collection of both pre-payment and post-payment transportation fees in coordination with the financial infrastructure supporting electronic payment transactions. The system may establish and administer escrow accounts depending on the clearinghouse scheme and the type of payments involved. It may post a transaction to the customer account, generate a bill (for post-payment accounts), debit an escrow account, or interface to a financial infrastructure to debit a customer designated account. It supports communications with the ITS Roadway Payment Equipment to support fee collection operations. As an alternative, a wide-area wireless interface can be used to communicate directly with vehicle equipment. It also sets and administers the pricing structures and may implement road pricing policies in coordination with the Traffic Management Center. |
| Payment Device | Personal | The 'Payment Device' enables the electronic transfer of funds from the user of a service (I.e. a traveler) to the provider of the service. Potential implementations include smart cards that support payment for products and services, including transportation services and general purpose devices like smart phones that support a broad array of services, including electronic payment. In addition to user account information, the payment device may also hold and update associated user information such as personal profiles, preferences, and trip histories. |
| Transportation Information Center | Center | The 'Transportation Information Center' collects, processes, stores, and disseminates transportation information to system operators and the traveling public. The physical object can play several different roles in an integrated ITS. In one role, the TIC provides a data collection, fusing, and repackaging function, collecting information from transportation system operators and redistributing this information to other system operators in the region and other TICs. In this information redistribution role, the TIC provides a bridge between the various transportation systems that produce the information and the other TICs and their subscribers that use the information. The second role of a TIC is focused on delivery of traveler information to subscribers and the public at large. Information provided includes basic advisories, traffic and road conditions, transit schedule information, yellow pages information, ride matching information, and parking information. The TIC is commonly implemented as a website or a web-based application service, but it represents any traveler information distribution service. |
Includes Functional Objects:
| Functional Object | Description | Physical Object |
|---|---|---|
| Electric Charging Management | 'Electric Charging Management' monitors electric charging operations for one or more charging stations, monitoring current operational status including current occupancy and rates supporting back office operations. This function also includes support for reservations and payment of electric charging. | Electric Charging Management Center |
| Electric Charging Station Management | 'Electric Charging Station Management' manages vehicle charging. It verifies that a vehicle is authorized to charge, enabled power delivery, communicates with the vehicle during charging and provides charge status information to the driver. A connection with Connected Vehicle Roadside Equipment provides the capability to integrate charging station coordination and communication into the broader Connected Vehicle Environment. | Electric Charging Station |
| Light Vehicle Electric Charging Assist | 'Light Vehicle Electric Charging Assist' uses short range communications to coordinate with electric charging stations, providing information about the operational state of the electrical system, the maximum charge rate, and the percentage-complete of the charge. This application also receives current information about electric charging systems in the region and makes this information available to the driver on request. | Light Vehicle OBE |
| Light Vehicle Payment Service | 'Light Vehicle Payment Service' supports vehicle payments including VMT- and zone-based payments and payments for other services including fuel/charging services, tolls, and parking. To support VMT-based payment, this application tracks the location of the vehicle at specific times and reports this VMT data along with vehicle identification. A variety of pricing strategies are supported, including strategies that include credits or incentives that reward desired driving patterns and behavior. The onboard equipment supports secure short range communications with connected vehicle roadside equipment to support secure payments. | Light Vehicle OBE |
| PAC Payment Administration | 'PAC Payment Administration' provides administration and management of payments associated with electronic toll collection, parking payments, and other e-payments. It provides the back office functions that support enrollment, pricing, reduced fare eligibility, payment reconciliation with financial institutions, and violation notification to enforcement agencies. It also supports dynamic pricing to support demand management, allow/block-list management and token validation. | Payment Administration Center |
| TIC Travel Services Information and Reservation | 'TIC Travel Services Information' disseminates information about traveler services such as lodging, restaurants, electric vehicle charging, and service stations. Tailored traveler service information is provided on request that meets the constraints and preferences specified by the traveler. This application also supports reservations and advanced payment for traveler services including parking and loading zone use. | Transportation Information Center |
Includes Information Flows:
| Information Flow | Description |
|---|---|
| account updates | Updates to an account, such as purchases, uses, cancellation, secureID changes or similar material changes to account information. |
| actuate secure payment | Initiation of a payment action, ideally based on an encrypted token or biometric marker. Such a payment action could be a simple validation that the secure token allows the user access to the travel resource, or it could be the initiation of a payment transaction. |
| authorization request | Request to determine if a transportation user is authorized to use a particular transportation resource. |
| authorization response | Notification of status of authorization request. |
| current charging status | Current charging status including current charge rate, estimated time to completion, and cost associated with the charge. |
| driver information | Regulatory, warning, guidance, and other information provided to the driver to support safe and efficient vehicle operation. |
| electric charging services inventory | Information provided for electric charging stations identifying the location, operating hours, current availability, charging capacity and standards supported, access restrictions, and rates/fee structure. |
| electric charging station data | Information provided for electric charging stations to the management center identifying the location, operating status, current availability, no-shows, charging capacity, etc. |
| electric charging station information | Information provided for electric charging stations identifying the location, operating hours, current availability, charging capacity and standards supported, access restrictions, and rates/fee structure. |
| electric charging station management information | Parameters that support management of an electric charging station. Load balancing, Reservation requests, Hours of operation, display configuration (ads), rules and regulations, etc. |
| electric charging utility info | Information about the status and health of the electric charging network from the utility's perspective, including any grid issues or outages that electric charging users should be aware of. |
| electric service requests info | Information about the numbers and locations of requests for electric charging to enable the electric utility to plan and manage its grid resources. |
| host vehicle status | Information provided to the ITS on-board equipment from other systems on the vehicle platform. This includes the current status of the powertrain, steering, and braking systems, and status of other safety and convenience systems. In implementations where GPS is not integrated into the Vehicle On-Board Equipment, the host vehicle is also the source for data describing the vehicle's location in three dimensions (latitude, longitude, elevation) and accurate time that can be used for time synchronization across the ITS environment. |
| light vehicle driver input | Driver input to the light vehicle on-board equipment including configuration data, settings and preferences, interactive requests, and control commands. |
| light vehicle driver updates | Information provided to the light vehicle driver including visual displays, audible information and warnings, and haptic feedback. The updates inform the driver about current conditions, potential hazards, and the current status of vehicle on-board equipment. |
| meter control | Control of meter to modify reporting data and intervals, and to enable controls over meter use, which could include current limits. |
| meter data | Report of energy consumption, voltage levels, current, power factor and similar diagnostic and monitoring information. |
| payment methods | A list of valid payment methods. |
| payment request | Request for payment from financial institution or related financial service requests (e.g., balance inquiry) |
| service registry | Catalogue of products and values, access rights and related information. |
| settlement | Information exchanged to settle charges and distribute or debit accounts appropriate to the authorized charges. |
| usage and billing info | Account, usage, charging, limits and similar information relevant to electric utility billing. |
| vehicle charging profile | Vehicle information provided to an electric charging station including the operational status of the electrical system, the charging capacity for the vehicle, and % charge complete. |
Goals and Objectives
Associated Planning Factors and Goals
| Planning Factor | Goal |
|---|---|
| E. Protect and enhance the environment, promote energy conservation, improve the quality of life, and promote consistency between transportation improvements and State and local planned growth and economic development patterns; | Protect/Enhance the Environment |
Associated Objective Categories 
| Objective Category |
|---|
| Environment: Clean Air |
Associated Objectives and Performance Measures
Since the mapping between objectives and service packages is not always straight-forward and often situation-dependent, these mappings should only be used as a starting point. Users should do their own analysis to identify the best service packages for their region.